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1.
Estud. Psicol. (Campinas, Online) ; 41: e210098, 2024. graf
Article En | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1550255

Objective Considering the psychosocial repercussions of the COVID-19 pandemic on children, this case study aims to describe the work process involved in the construction and execution of the Children in the COVID-19 Pandemic module, which comprised the National Course on Mental Health and Psychosocial Care in COVID-19, hosted by the Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Method Data from the materials that made up the module (booklet, video lesson, forum, and live broadcast), the profile of those enrolled, as well as emerging themes from participants' questions and comments (forum and live broadcast) were analyzed. Results Thirty-one percent of the course participants, who were predominantly female psychologists, completed the module. The booklet, developed with an accessible language, met the general guidelines for the development of manuals aimed at providing guidance on health care, seeking to address emerging demands in order to qualify the care for children in the context of COVID-19. Conclusion There was a great diversity of themes addressed in the material resulting from the forum and the live broadcast, which were discussed in order to contribute to the planning of psychosocial care strategies aimed at mitigating the negative repercussions of the pandemic on child development, as well as to offer a space for sharing knowledge and experiences on professional practice during this major public health emergency.


Objetivo Considerando as repercussões psicossociais da pandemia de COVID-19 às crianças, este estudo de caso tem o objetivo de descrever o processo de trabalho envolvido na construção e execução do módulo Crianças na Pandemia COVID-19, que compôs o Curso Nacional de Saúde Mental e Atenção Psicossocial na COVID-19, promovido pela Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Método Analisaram-se dados provenientes dos materiais que compuseram o módulo (cartilha, videoaula, fórum e live), o perfil dos inscritos, bem como as temáticas emergentes em questionamentos e comentários dos participantes (fórum e live). Resultados Concluíram o módulo 31% dos participantes do Curso, os quais eram, predominantemente, mulheres psicólogas. A cartilha, desenvolvida em linguagem acessível, atendeu às diretrizes gerais para elaboração de manuais voltados à orientação sobre cuidados em saúde, buscando abordar demandas emergentes, no sentido de qualificar a atenção às crianças no contexto da COVID-19. Conclusão Houve grande diversidade de temáticas abordadas no material decorrente do fórum e da live, as quais foram discutidas com vista a contribuir para o planejamento de estratégias de atenção psicossocial voltadas a mitigar repercussões negativas da pandemia para o desenvolvimento infantil, bem como oferecer um espaço para compartilhamento de conhecimentos e experiências de atuação profissional frente a essa grave emergência de saúde pública.


Child , Mental Health , Training Courses , Pandemics , COVID-19
2.
Psychiatry Res ; 313: 114596, 2022 07.
Article En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35526424

Fear is a reaction that can influence multiple aspects of health and life. During the Covid-19 pandemic, there have been serious pathophysiological, social, behavioral and mental consequences that can be related to fear. This study aimed to assess the fear of Covid-19 and its association with sociodemographic, behavioral and health variables. Data were gathered from two cross-sectional population-based studies conducted in 2020 with adults from two cities from Southern Brazil. The Fear of Covid-19 scale was used to evaluate fear of Covid. Exposure variables were socioeconomic, demographic, health and pandemic-related factors. Adjusted Poisson regression was performed to assess the association between fear of Covid-19 and the exposure variables. A total of 2,152 subjects were assessed. Higher fear of Covid-19 was found among women and in individuals with symptoms of Covid-19. Living alone, being richer, and testing positive for Covid-19 were associated with lower prevalence of fear. Higher prevalence of fear of Covid-19 was related to worse sleep quality, worse health perception, sadness, higher stress, depressive symptoms, and suicidal ideation. There was a linear association between fear of Covid-19 and health outcomes. The results provide evidence that fear of Covid-19 seems to be associated with socioeconomic, demographic, health and pandemic-related factors.


COVID-19 , Adult , Anxiety/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Depression/epidemiology , Fear , Female , Humans , Pandemics , SARS-CoV-2
3.
Psicol. (Univ. Brasília, Online) ; 38: e38314, 2022. tab
Article Pt | LILACS-Express | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1406347

Resumo Para descrever a ocorrência de situações de violência contra adolescentes na família e na comunidade, foi conduzido estudo transversal em escolas públicas de municípios do Brasil. O Questionário da Juventude Brasileira Versão Fase II foi utilizado. Participaram 2.860 adolescentes, sendo 58,5% do sexo feminino. Cerca de um terço dos participantes sofreram violência física na família. Na comunidade, 32,7% dos adolescentes reportaram ter sofrido situações de violência psicológica. Situações de violência física ocorreram mais entre meninos, em participantes de 15 a 19 anos e nos que experimentaram álcool ou drogas ilícitas. Considera-se como importante que ações preventivas contra violência de naturezas distintas sejam contínuas e abrangentes, incluam diferentes subgrupos e garantam o suporte necessário.


Abstract Describing the occurrence of violence situations against adolescents, in the family and community, was conducted a cross-sectional study in public schools of municipalities in Brazil. Brazilian Youth Questionnaire Phase II Version was used. Participated 2860 adolescents, being 58.5% female. About a third have already suffered some form of physical violence in the family. In the community, 32.7% of the adolescents reported have already suffered some form of psychological violence. Situations of physical violence were more common amongst boys, 15 to 19 years old participants, and who have already tried alcohol or illegal drugs. It is important that preventive actions against violence of different natures are continuous and comprehensive, including different subgroups and providing the necessary support.

4.
Cien Saude Colet ; 26(11): 5701-5710, 2021 Nov.
Article Pt | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34852102

The scope of this study was to investigate the prevalence of sexual exploitation of homeless children and adolescents living on the streets, as well as characteristics associated with this outcome. In this cross-sectional investigation, carried out in the municipalities of Rio Grande and Porto Alegre-RS, data were collected through interviews, which were conducted by trained interviewers. The Respondent-Driven Sampling (RDS) strategy was adopted and statistical analyses were conducted using Poisson regression with robust adjustment of variance. The sample included 186 children and adolescents between 10 and 17 years of age, of which 8% reported having been subjected to sexual exploitation. Being 16 to 17 years old, having had forced sexual intercourse and not having bonds with school were characteristics independently associated with this outcome. It was observed that the lack of contact with school increased the probability 16-fold of having suffered sexual exploitation, being considered the main risk factor in this study. The proposition is that the inclusion and permanence of homeless children and adolescents living on the streets into schools might significantly reduce the risk of sexual exploitation of this population group.


O objetivo do estudo foi investigar a prevalência de exploração sexual entre crianças e adolescentes em situação de rua e as características associadas a este desfecho. Neste estudo transversal, conduzido nos municípios de Rio Grande e Porto Alegre-RS, os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas com os participantes, as quais foram conduzidas por entrevistadores treinados. O método de amostragem foi o Respondent-Driven Sampling (RDS) e as análises estatísticas foram conduzidas por meio da regressão de Poisson com ajuste robusto da variância. A amostra foi composta por 186 crianças e adolescentes com idades entre 10 e 17 anos, das quais 8% relataram ter tido experiência de exploração sexual. Ter idade entre 16 e 17 anos, ter sofrido relação sexual forçada e não ter vínculo escolar foram características independentemente associadas a este desfecho. Foi observada que a falta de vínculo escolar aumentou em 16 vezes a probabilidade de sofrer exploração sexual, sendo o principal fator de risco identificado neste estudo. Sugere-se que a inclusão e permanência das crianças e adolescentes em situação de rua no contexto escolar possa reduzir significativamente o risco de exploração sexual entre esta população.


Homeless Youth , Adolescent , Brazil/epidemiology , Child , Coitus , Cross-Sectional Studies , Humans , Sexual Behavior
5.
Epidemiol Serv Saude ; 30(4): e20201057, 2021.
Article En, Pt | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34816886

OBJECTIVE: To estimate prevalence and factors associated with intimate partner psychological violence against women in a rural area in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, in 2017. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional population-based study with women aged 18-49 years old and who had had an intimate partner in their lifetime. Questions from the World Health Organization Violence Against Women Study were administered. Poisson regression was used to estimate prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). RESULTS: 971 women participated. Prevalence of lifetime psychological violence was 17.2% (95%CI 14.9;19.7). Those diagnosed with depression (PR=2.23 - 95%CI 1.70;2.91) and who had consumed alcohol in the last week were more likely to refer lifetime psychological violence (PR=1.53 - 95%CI 1.07;2.17). Single women were more likely to experience psychological violence than married women (PR=1.86 - 95%CI 1.32;2.63). CONCLUSION: Psychological violence against woman in rural areas was related to mental health and alcohol use.


Sexual Partners , Violence , Adolescent , Adult , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Sexual Partners/psychology , Young Adult
6.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 26(11): 5701-5710, nov. 2021. tab
Article Pt | LILACS | ID: biblio-1350473

Resumo O objetivo do estudo foi investigar a prevalência de exploração sexual entre crianças e adolescentes em situação de rua e as características associadas a este desfecho. Neste estudo transversal, conduzido nos municípios de Rio Grande e Porto Alegre-RS, os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas com os participantes, as quais foram conduzidas por entrevistadores treinados. O método de amostragem foi o Respondent-Driven Sampling (RDS) e as análises estatísticas foram conduzidas por meio da regressão de Poisson com ajuste robusto da variância. A amostra foi composta por 186 crianças e adolescentes com idades entre 10 e 17 anos, das quais 8% relataram ter tido experiência de exploração sexual. Ter idade entre 16 e 17 anos, ter sofrido relação sexual forçada e não ter vínculo escolar foram características independentemente associadas a este desfecho. Foi observada que a falta de vínculo escolar aumentou em 16 vezes a probabilidade de sofrer exploração sexual, sendo o principal fator de risco identificado neste estudo. Sugere-se que a inclusão e permanência das crianças e adolescentes em situação de rua no contexto escolar possa reduzir significativamente o risco de exploração sexual entre esta população.


Abstract The scope of this study was to investigate the prevalence of sexual exploitation of homeless children and adolescents living on the streets, as well as characteristics associated with this outcome. In this cross-sectional investigation, carried out in the municipalities of Rio Grande and Porto Alegre-RS, data were collected through interviews, which were conducted by trained interviewers. The Respondent-Driven Sampling (RDS) strategy was adopted and statistical analyses were conducted using Poisson regression with robust adjustment of variance. The sample included 186 children and adolescents between 10 and 17 years of age, of which 8% reported having been subjected to sexual exploitation. Being 16 to 17 years old, having had forced sexual intercourse and not having bonds with school were characteristics independently associated with this outcome. It was observed that the lack of contact with school increased the probability 16-fold of having suffered sexual exploitation, being considered the main risk factor in this study. The proposition is that the inclusion and permanence of homeless children and adolescents living on the streets into schools might significantly reduce the risk of sexual exploitation of this population group.


Humans , Child , Adolescent , Homeless Youth , Sexual Behavior , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Coitus
7.
Estud. psicol. (Natal) ; 26(2): 197-206, apr.-June 2021. tab
Article En | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1356235

This article aims to reflect on sexting in the context of COVID-19, given its recommendation as a legitimate way of expressing sexuality in times of social distance. A narrative review was carried out, and documents issued by different countries were analyzed, presenting contents that express concern about the avoidance of contagion in affective-sexual expressions and pointing out possible risks of this practice. The strategic guidelines clarify alternative forms for affective relationships that avoid physical contact, pointing to sexting as a viable strategy for sexuality associated with other online experiences. Although sexting is an experience already consolidated in a technological society, information was presented about the stereotypes that permeate it. It also dealt with the risks that these experiences may involve, warning about distinctions between sexting and pornography and actions that encompass the adolescent public. We concluded that sexting needs to be investigated in the cultural context, and future studies are suggested to follow possible resignifications in the post-pandemic period.


O objetivo deste artigo é refletir sobre o sexting no contexto da COVID-19, diante de sua recomendação como meio legítimo de expressão da sexualidade em tempos de distanciamento social. Foi realizada uma revisão narrativa e analisados documentos emitidos por diferentes países, apresentando conteúdos que expressam preocupação com a evitação do contágio nas expressões afetivo-sexuais e apontados possíveis riscos dessa prática. As orientações estratégicas esclarecem sobre formas alternativas para o relacionamento afetivo que evitem o contato físico, apontando o sexting como estratégia viável para o exercício da sexualidade, associado a outras práticas online. Embora o sexting seja uma prática já consolidada na sociedade tecnológica, foram apresentadas informações sobre os estereótipos que o permeiam. Tratou-se ainda dos riscos que podem envolver essas práticas, que alertam sobre distinções entre sexting e pornografia e ações que envolvem o público adolescente. Conclui-se que o sexting precisa ser investigado no contexto cultural e sugerem-se estudos futuros para acompanhar ressignificações possíveis no período pós-pandemia


El propósito de este artículo es reflexionar sobre sexting en el contexto de COVID-19, dada su recomendación como una forma legítima para expresar la sexualidad en cuarentena. Se realizó una revisión narrativa. Se analizaron documentos emitidos por diferentes países, presentando contenidos que expresan preocupación por evitar el contagio en expresiones afectivas-sexuales y señalando posibles riesgos de esta prática. Las pautas estratégicas aclaran formas alternativas para relaciones afectivas que evitan contacto físico, señalando el sexting como una estrategia para el ejercicio de la sexualidad, asociada con otras prácticas online. Aunque el sexting es una práctica ya consolidada en la sociedad tecnológica, se presentó información sobre los estereotipos que lo impregnan. También fueron abordados los riesgos que pueden implicar estas prácticas, advirtiendo sobre sobre las distinciones entre sexting y pornografía y acciones con adolescentes. Se concluye que el sexting necesita ser investigado en el contexto cultural y se sugieren estudios futuros para acompañar posibles resignificaciones posteriormente a la pandemia.


Humans , Adolescent , Adult , Sexuality , Physical Distancing , COVID-19 , Adolescent , Adult
8.
Epidemiol. serv. saúde ; 30(4): e20201057, 2021. tab, graf
Article En, Pt | LILACS | ID: biblio-1346034

Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência e fatores associados à violência psicológica praticada por parceiro íntimo contra a mulher residente em zona rural do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, 2017. Métodos: Estudo transversal de base populacional, com mulheres de 18-49 anos que tiveram parceiro íntimo na vida. Foram aplicadas questões do World Health Organization Violence Against Women Study. Utilizou-se regressão de Poisson para estimar razões de prevalências (RP) e intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%). Resultados: Participaram 971 mulheres, com prevalência de violência psicológica de 17,2% (IC95% 14,9;19,7) na vida. Aquelas com diagnóstico de depressão (RP=2,23 - IC95% 1,70;2,91) e que consumiram álcool na última semana (RP=1,53 - IC95% 1,07;2,17) tiveram maior probabilidade de referir violência psicológica na vida; as solteiras apresentaram maior probabilidade dessa natureza de violência, comparadas às casadas (RP=1,86 - IC95% 1,32;2,63). Conclusão: Violência psicológica contra a mulher na zona rural relacionou-se com agravos na saúde mental e com uso de álcool.


Objetivo: Estimar la prevalencia y factores asociados a la violencia psicológica practicada por pareja contra mujeres residentes en una zona rural del estado de Rio Grande do Sul, en 2017. Métodos: Estudio poblacional transversal realizado con mujeres de 18-49 años que tuvieron pareja íntima en la vida. Se aplicaron preguntas del World Health Organization Violence Against Women Study. La regresión de Poisson ha sido usada para estimar razones de prevalencia (RP) e intervalos de confianza del 95% (IC95%). Resultados: Participaron 971 mujeres con prevalencia de 17,2% (IC95% 14,9;19,7) de violencia psicológica en la vida. Aquellas con depresión (RP=2,23 - IC95% 1,70;2,91) y que habían consumido alcohol en la última semana tenían más probabilidades de referir violencia psicológica en la vida (RP=1,53 - IC95% 1,07;2,17). Mujeres solteras tenían más probabilidades de violencia psicológica en sus vidas que las casadas (RP=1,86 - IC95% 1,32;2,63). Conclusión: La violencia psicológica contra la mujer en las zonas rurales, tuvo relación con la salud mental y el consumo de alcohol.


Objective: To estimate prevalence and factors associated with intimate partner psychological violence against women in a rural area in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, in 2017. Methods: This was a cross-sectional population-based study with women aged 18-49 years old and who had had an intimate partner in their lifetime. Questions from the World Health Organization Violence Against Women Study were administered. Poisson regression was used to estimate prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Results: 971 women participated. Prevalence of lifetime psychological violence was 17.2% (95%CI 14.9;19.7). Those diagnosed with depression (PR=2.23 - 95%CI 1.70;2.91) and who had consumed alcohol in the last week were more likely to refer lifetime psychological violence (PR=1.53 - 95%CI 1.07;2.17). Single women were more likely to experience psychological violence than married women (PR=1.86 - 95%CI 1.32;2.63). Conclusion: Psychological violence against woman in rural areas was related to mental health and alcohol use.


Humans , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Violence Against Women , Intimate Partner Violence/statistics & numerical data , Rural Population , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Battered Women/psychology
9.
Rev Saude Publica ; 54: 149, 2020.
Article En, Pt | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33331492

OBJECTIVE: To characterize the access and use of health services considered reference among the older rural population from a municipality in southern Brazil, whose rural area has full coverage of the Family Health Strategy (FHS), investigating factors associated with the choice of the Basic Family Health Unit (BFHU) as reference. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in 2017 with systematic sampling of rural households in the municipality of Rio Grande (RS) using a standardized in-house questionnaire. We performed descriptive analyses of sociodemographic profile, type of reference service chosen, and reasons for choosing/using the prime-choice service and the nearest BFHU. Poisson regression was used to investigate factors associated with the type of reference service chosen. RESULTS: Among the 1,030 older adults who participated in the study, 61.4% considered the BFHU a prime choice/reference service mostly due to its proximity (82.6%); the others sought other places due to a greater ease (34.6%) and resoluteness (52.6%). Almost ⅔ of the respondents sought care at the BFHU during the last year, and the reasons differed among those who considered the unit as reference (chronic disease) and those who sought another place (procedures). We also found that the lower the age, income, education, and household-unit distance, the greater the likelihood of the older adult considering the nearest BFHU as reference service. CONCLUSIONS: The FHS has reached the vulnerable older rural population, approaching an equitable public health system. However, further evaluations are necessary to verify the quality and adequacy of care, given that social structure, enabling factors (such as economic condition), and possible beliefs regarding health still establish the standards for choosing a service.


Health Services Accessibility , Primary Health Care , Rural Population , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Health Services Accessibility/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Primary Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Rural Population/statistics & numerical data
10.
Psicol. rev. (Belo Horizonte) ; 26(1): 165-186, jan.-abr. 2020. tab
Article Pt | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1507193

O estudo busca compreender os motivos que levam as mulheres em situação de violência a buscar ajuda em uma Delegacia de Polícia Especializada de Atendimento à Mulher (DEAM) e suas expectativas após a denúncia. A coleta de dados foi realizada durante o plantão psicológico na DEAM, em uma cidade no Sul do Brasil, por meio de uma entrevista semiestruturada. Os dados de 24 acolhimentos a mulheres com idade entre 19 e 84 anos (M = 36,86; dp = 15,90) foram submetidos à análise qualitativa. O excompanheiro foi o principal agressor; e a violência psicológica e física, os principais motivos para as mulheres procurarem a delegacia. Todas buscaram a polícia na expectativa de resolutividade do serviço jurídico, principalmente com medidas de segurança. O estudo evidencia a necessidade do fortalecimento da rede de atenção social, de saúde e de justiça, auxiliando na revelação da violência e no desenvolvimento de novas perspectivas futuras após o ocorrido.


The study aims to understand the reasons that drive women in situations of violence into looking for help from a Police Station Specialized in the Assistance to Women (DEAM – in Portuguese) and the women’s expectations after filing a complaint. Data collection was carried out through a semi-structured interview during a psychological emergency attendance duty at one of these specialized police stations in a city in the South of Brazil. The data collected in 24 cases with women from 19 to 84 years (Avg = 36.86; sd = 15.90) were subjected to qualitative analysis. The former partner was appointed as the main aggressor; and psychological and physical violence were the main reasons leading the women into looking for help from a Police Station. All women looked for the DEAM with the expectation that the legal system could solve their problems, mainly through security measures. This study shows that there is a need to empower the social care, health and justice network, helping to unveil violence and develop new perspectives after the event.


El estudio busca comprender las razones que llevan a las mujeres en situación de violencia a buscar ayuda en una Comisaría Especializada en Atención a la Mujer (DEAM) y sus expectativas después de la denuncia. Los datos fueron obtenidos durante el servicio psicológico en la DEAM en una ciudad del sur de Brasil, a través de una entrevista. Las 24 mujeres del estudio, de 19 a 84 años (M = 36.86, SD = 15.90), fueron sometidas a un análisis cualitativo. El ex compañero fue nombrado como el agresor principal y la violencia psicológica y física fueron los principales motivos que llevaron a las mujeres a la DEAM. Todas las mujeres buscaron a la DEAM con la esperanza de resolver el problema, principalmente con medidas de seguridad. El estudio demuestra la necesidad de fortalecimiento de la red de atención social, salud y justicia, ayudando en la exposición de la violencia y en el desarrollo de nuevas perspectivas futuras.


Violence Against Women , Spouse Abuse , Comprehensive Health Care , Battered Women , Evaluation Studies as Topic
11.
Rev. saúde pública (Online) ; 54: 149, 2020. tab
Article En | LILACS, BBO, SES-SP | ID: biblio-1145060

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To characterize the access and use of health services considered reference among the older rural population from a municipality in southern Brazil, whose rural area has full coverage of the Family Health Strategy (FHS), investigating factors associated with the choice of the Basic Family Health Unit (BFHU) as reference. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study conducted in 2017 with systematic sampling of rural households in the municipality of Rio Grande (RS) using a standardized in-house questionnaire. We performed descriptive analyses of sociodemographic profile, type of reference service chosen, and reasons for choosing/using the prime-choice service and the nearest BFHU. Poisson regression was used to investigate factors associated with the type of reference service chosen. RESULTS Among the 1,030 older adults who participated in the study, 61.4% considered the BFHU a prime choice/reference service mostly due to its proximity (82.6%); the others sought other places due to a greater ease (34.6%) and resoluteness (52.6%). Almost ⅔ of the respondents sought care at the BFHU during the last year, and the reasons differed among those who considered the unit as reference (chronic disease) and those who sought another place (procedures). We also found that the lower the age, income, education, and household-unit distance, the greater the likelihood of the older adult considering the nearest BFHU as reference service. CONCLUSIONS The FHS has reached the vulnerable older rural population, approaching an equitable public health system. However, further evaluations are necessary to verify the quality and adequacy of care, given that social structure, enabling factors (such as economic condition), and possible beliefs regarding health still establish the standards for choosing a service.


RESUMO OBJETIVO Caracterizar o acesso e utilização de serviços de saúde considerados como referência pela população rural idosa de um município do sul do Brasil, com cobertura de 100% da área rural pela Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF), investigando os fatores associados à escolha da Unidade Básica de Saúde da Família (UBSF) como serviço de referência. MÉTODOS Estudo transversal com amostragem sistemática dos domicílios da área rural do município de Rio Grande (RS), realizado em 2017, através de questionário padronizado, aplicado em domicílio. Foram realizadas análises descritivas referentes a perfil sociodemográfico; tipo de serviço de referência escolhido; e motivos de escolha/utilização do serviço de primeira opção e da UBSF mais próxima. Realizou-se regressão de Poisson para investigar fatores associados ao tipo de serviço de referência escolhido. RESULTADOS Participaram do estudo 1.030 idosos, dos quais 61,4% indicaram a unidade básica como serviço de primeira opção/referência. Enquanto aqueles que escolheram ser atendidos na UBSF o faziam principalmente em razão da proximidade (82,6%), os demais procuraram outros locais pela percepção de maior facilidade (34,6%) e resolutividade (52,6%). Quase ⅔ dos entrevistados buscaram atendimento na UBSF no último ano, e os motivos foram diferentes entre aqueles que consideravam a unidade como referência (doença crônica) e aqueles que procuravam outro local (procedimentos). Além disso, quanto menor a idade, renda, escolaridade e distância residência-unidade, maior a probabilidade do idoso considerar a UBSF mais próxima como serviço de referência. CONCLUSÃO A ESF tem conseguido atingir a parcela rural idosa em situação de vulnerabilidade, indo ao encontro de um sistema de saúde público equitativo. Todavia, novas avaliações para averiguar adequação e qualidade do atendimento se fazem necessárias, visto que estrutura social, fatores capacitantes (como condição econômica) e possíveis crenças sobre saúde ainda definem o padrão de escolha do serviço.


Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Primary Health Care/statistics & numerical data , Rural Population/statistics & numerical data , Health Services Accessibility/statistics & numerical data , Brazil , Serial Cross-Sectional Studies , Middle Aged
12.
Cien Saude Colet ; 24(8): 3107-3116, 2019 Aug 05.
Article En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31389557

The aim of this study was to measure the prevalence of marijuana use in the last month, its associated factors and its relationship with academic migration among undergraduate students of a federal university in southern Brazil. This was a cross-sectional study and data were collected through self-administered questionnaire. A systematic sampling process was conducted. To data analyses, it was used Poisson regression with robust adjust for variance. Overall, 1,423 students participated. The prevalence of marijuana use in the last month was 16.8% (95%CI 14.8% to 18.8%). Data showed that the greater the distance of the city prior to university entry, the higher the prevalence of marijuana use in the last month. Being male, having less age, being single, not having religious practices, having relatives and friends who have used any illicit drug, and having tobacco use in the last month were also risk factors. We understand that academic migration within the country tends to decrease students contact with family and increase vulnerability to peer influence, which may lead to a higher probability of marijuana use in this sample. The results highlights the importance to develop projects of illicit drug use prevention focused on this risky subgroup.


Marijuana Use/epidemiology , Students/statistics & numerical data , Travel , Universities , Adolescent , Adult , Age Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Friends , Humans , Male , Pilot Projects , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Sex Factors , Surveys and Questionnaires , Young Adult
13.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 24(8): 3107-3116, ago. 2019. tab
Article En | LILACS | ID: biblio-1011861

Abstract The aim of this study was to measure the prevalence of marijuana use in the last month, its associated factors and its relationship with academic migration among undergraduate students of a federal university in southern Brazil. This was a cross-sectional study and data were collected through self-administered questionnaire. A systematic sampling process was conducted. To data analyses, it was used Poisson regression with robust adjust for variance. Overall, 1,423 students participated. The prevalence of marijuana use in the last month was 16.8% (95%CI 14.8% to 18.8%). Data showed that the greater the distance of the city prior to university entry, the higher the prevalence of marijuana use in the last month. Being male, having less age, being single, not having religious practices, having relatives and friends who have used any illicit drug, and having tobacco use in the last month were also risk factors. We understand that academic migration within the country tends to decrease students contact with family and increase vulnerability to peer influence, which may lead to a higher probability of marijuana use in this sample. The results highlights the importance to develop projects of illicit drug use prevention focused on this risky subgroup.


Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi medir a prevalência de uso de maconha no último mês, seus fatores associados e sua relação com a migração acadêmica entre estudantes de graduação de uma universidade federal do sul do Brasil. Este estudo teve delineamento transversal e os dados foram coletados através de questionário autoaplicável. O método de amostragem foi aleatório sistematizado. Na análise dos dados utilizou-se a regressão de Poisson com ajuste robusto da variância. Participaram do estudo 1.423 graduandos. A prevalência do uso de maconha no último mês foi de 16,8% (IC95% 14,8%-18,8%). Os dados mostraram que quanto maior a distância da cidade anterior ao ingresso na universidade, maior a prevalência de uso de maconha no último mês. Ser do sexo masculino, ter menos idade, estar solteiro, não ter prática religiosa, ter familiar e amigo que já usou alguma droga ilícita e ter usado tabaco no último mês também foram fatores de risco. Entendemos que a migração acadêmica no país tende a diminuir o contato dos alunos com a família e aumentar a vulnerabilidade à influência dos pares, o que pode levar a uma maior probabilidade de uso de maconha nesta amostra. Os resultados ressaltam a importância de desenvolver projetos de prevenção focados neste subgrupo de risco.


Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Students/statistics & numerical data , Travel , Universities , Marijuana Use/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Pilot Projects , Sex Factors , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Risk Factors , Age Factors , Friends
14.
Cien Saude Colet ; 23(4): 1255-1266, 2018 Apr.
Article En, Pt | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29694579

A cross-sectional study was conducted to measure the prevalence of condom use in the last sexual intercourse and associated factors among university students. Undergraduate students from a public university aged 18 and over of the Rio Grande (RS) campuses were eligible. A systematic single-stage sampling was used, based on class lists and self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive, bivariate and multivariable analyses were employed, with Poisson regression for the latter two. Most of the 1,215 university students included in the analysis were aged 20 to 29 (65.6%) and 69.3% began their sexual life before the age of 18. The prevalence of condom use in the last intercourse was 41.5% (95%CI: 38.7-44.3). Male gender, lower age group, condom use at first sexual intercourse, older age of onset of sexual activity, not having a partner and casual partner in the last sexual intercourse increased the likelihood of condom use.


Condoms/statistics & numerical data , Sexual Behavior/statistics & numerical data , Students/statistics & numerical data , Adult , Age Factors , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Poisson Distribution , Prevalence , Sex Factors , Sexual Partners , Surveys and Questionnaires , Universities , Young Adult
15.
Cien Saude Colet ; 23(4): 1055-1066, 2018 Apr.
Article Pt | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29694597

The aim of this study is to identify the prevalence of pregnancy and abortion experience, along with associated factors among street children, adolescents and youths in Porto Alegre and Rio Grande, RS, Brazil. The sampling method in this cross-sectional study was Respondent-Driven Sampling (RDS), innovative in research about hidden populations. Interviews were conducted with 307 subjects, aged 10 to 21 years. In multivariate analysis, Poisson regression with a robust error variance was used. Most of this sample were males, with no contact with school and family. Almost half of the participants had been on the street for five years or more, spending more than 15 hours per day on the streets. The prevalence of pregnancy experience was 29.3%, independently associated with being a girl, having 10 sexual partners or more in the last year, having a fixed sexual partner in the last year, and being older. The prevalence of abortion experience was 10.4%, independently associated with not living with the family, having more than two pregnancies, and being younger. The high prevalence of pregnancy and abortion experience highlights the need for the development of better sexual and reproductive health policies focused on this population.


Abortion, Induced/statistics & numerical data , Homeless Youth/statistics & numerical data , Pregnancy in Adolescence/statistics & numerical data , Sexual Behavior/statistics & numerical data , Adolescent , Age Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Multivariate Analysis , Poisson Distribution , Pregnancy , Prevalence , Sex Factors , Sexual Partners , Young Adult
16.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 23(4): 1255-1266, abr. 2018. tab, graf
Article Pt | LILACS | ID: biblio-952629

Resumo Foi conduzida pesquisa transversal para medir a prevalência do uso de preservativo na última relação sexual entre universitários e os fatores associados. Foram elegíveis estudantes de graduação de uma universidade pública federal, com idade igual ou superior a 18 anos, dos campi de Rio Grande/RS. Foi utilizada amostragem sistemática, em um único estágio, com base na listagem de turmas e questionário autoaplicável como instrumento. Foram empregadas análises descritiva, bivariada e multivariável, com regressão de Poisson para as duas últimas. Dos 1215 universitários incluídos na análise, a maioria tinha entre 20 e 29 anos de idade (65,6%) e 69,3% iniciaram a vida sexual antes dos 18 anos de idade. A prevalência do uso de preservativos na última relação foi de 41,5% (IC95%:38,7-44,3). Sexo masculino, menor faixa etária, uso de preservativo na primeira relação sexual, maior idade de início da vida sexual, não ter companheiro e parceiro casual na última relação aumentaram a probabilidade de uso de preservativos.


Abstract A cross-sectional study was conducted to measure the prevalence of condom use in the last sexual intercourse and associated factors among university students. Undergraduate students from a public university aged 18 and over of the Rio Grande (RS) campuses were eligible. A systematic single-stage sampling was used, based on class lists and self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive, bivariate and multivariable analyses were employed, with Poisson regression for the latter two. Most of the 1,215 university students included in the analysis were aged 20 to 29 (65.6%) and 69.3% began their sexual life before the age of 18. The prevalence of condom use in the last intercourse was 41.5% (95%CI: 38.7-44.3). Male gender, lower age group, condom use at first sexual intercourse, older age of onset of sexual activity, not having a partner and casual partner in the last sexual intercourse increased the likelihood of condom use.


Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Young Adult , Sexual Behavior/statistics & numerical data , Students/statistics & numerical data , Condoms/statistics & numerical data , Universities , Brazil , Sexual Partners , Poisson Distribution , Sex Factors , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Age Factors
17.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 23(4): 1055-1066, abr. 2018. tab, graf
Article Pt | LILACS | ID: biblio-952644

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo é identificar a prevalência de experiência de gravidez e aborto e os fatores associados em crianças, adolescentes e jovens em situação de rua, das cidades de Porto Alegre e Rio Grande, RS, Brasil. Neste estudo transversal, como método de amostragem, foi utilizado o Respondent-Driven Sampling (RDS), inovador em pesquisas com populações de difícil acesso. Foram entrevistados 307 indivíduos, com idade entre 10 e 21 anos. Na análise multivariada foi utilizada regressão de Poisson, com ajuste robusto da variância. A maioria dos participantes foi do sexo masculino, sem vínculos com escola e com a família. Quase metade estava há cinco anos ou mais na rua, permanecendo mais de 15 horas diárias nela. A prevalência de experiência de gravidez foi de 29,3%, estando independentemente associada com ser do sexo feminino, ter mais de 10 parceiros sexuais no último ano, ter parceiro sexual fixo no último ano e ter mais idade. A prevalência de experiência de aborto foi de 10,4%, estando associado com não morar com a família, ter duas ou mais gravidezes e ter menos idade. A alta prevalência de experiência de gravidez e aborto aponta para a necessidade de melhores políticas de saúde sexual e reprodutiva específicas para esta população.


Abstract The aim of this study is to identify the prevalence of pregnancy and abortion experience, along with associated factors among street children, adolescents and youths in Porto Alegre and Rio Grande, RS, Brazil. The sampling method in this cross-sectional study was Respondent-Driven Sampling (RDS), innovative in research about hidden populations. Interviews were conducted with 307 subjects, aged 10 to 21 years. In multivariate analysis, Poisson regression with a robust error variance was used. Most of this sample were males, with no contact with school and family. Almost half of the participants had been on the street for five years or more, spending more than 15 hours per day on the streets. The prevalence of pregnancy experience was 29.3%, independently associated with being a girl, having 10 sexual partners or more in the last year, having a fixed sexual partner in the last year, and being older. The prevalence of abortion experience was 10.4%, independently associated with not living with the family, having more than two pregnancies, and being younger. The high prevalence of pregnancy and abortion experience highlights the need for the development of better sexual and reproductive health policies focused on this population.


Humans , Male , Female , Pregnancy , Adolescent , Young Adult , Pregnancy in Adolescence/statistics & numerical data , Sexual Behavior/statistics & numerical data , Abortion, Induced/statistics & numerical data , Homeless Youth/statistics & numerical data , Brazil/epidemiology , Sexual Partners , Poisson Distribution , Sex Factors , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Multivariate Analysis , Age Factors
18.
Rev. SPAGESP ; 19(1): 76-89, Jan.-Jun. 2018. tab
Article Pt | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-957392

O objetivo deste estudo foi mensurar a expressão de esperança disposicional em adolescentes em situação de acolhimento institucional. Participaram 25 adolescentes acolhidos, com idades entre 12 e 18 anos. Para mensurar a esperança foi aplicada a Escala de Esperança Disposicional. Os resultados revelaram uma média esperança disposicional de 29,44, sugerindo que o afastamento familiar e a vida no acolhimento institucional não impedem a expressão de esperança. Manter a esperança em um futuro melhor pode estimular uma visão para além dos infortúnios e das adversidades presentes nas histórias dos adolescentes em situação de acolhimento institucional.


The aim of this study was to measure the level of dispositional hope among adolescents who live in institutional shelter situation.25 adolescents aged between 12 and 18 who were in shelter situation participated. To measure hope was applied the Dispositional Hope Scale. The results showed an average score obtained dispositional hope 29.44, suggesting that family distance and life in the institutional shelter does not harm the expression of hope. Keeping hope in a better future can stimulate a vision beyond the misfortunes and adversities present in the stories of adolescents in institutional shelter situation.


El objetivo de este estudio fue medir la expresión de la disposición a la esperanza en los adolescentes en situación de acogimiento institucional. Participaron 25 adolescentes acogidos, con edades comprendidas entre los 12 y los 18 años. Para medir la esperanza se aplicó a Escala de Disposición a La Esperanza. Los resultados mostraron una media de 29.44 disposición a la esperanza, lo que sugiere que la separación de la familia e la vida en acogimiento institucional no excluye la expresión de esperanza. Mantener la esperanza en un futuro mejor puede estimular una visión más allá de los infortunios y adversidades presentes en las historias de los adolescentes en situación de acogimiento institucional.


Child , Adolescent , Psychology , User Embracement , Hope , Child, Foster
19.
Rev. SPAGESP ; 18(2): 115-128, 2017.
Article Pt | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-896960

O presente artigo tem como objetivo discutir os desafios éticos enfrentados na pesquisa sobre exploração sexual de crianças e adolescentes e verificar como os avanços trazidos pela Resolução 510/2016 repercutem na condução de estudos com essa população. O planejamento de estudos sobre essa temática prescinde de estratégias metodológicas capazes de identificar pessoas, lugares e práticas que se ocultam constantemente. A recente resolução traz implicações importantes especialmente sobre a obtenção do termo consentimento livre e esclarecido dos responsáveis, o assentimento livre e esclarecido e a manutenção do sigilo versus a necessidade de denúncia. A devolução dos achados e a organização de estratégias protetivas reafirmam que o compromisso do pesquisador vai muito além daquele garantido nas resoluções vigentes até o momento.


This article aims to discuss the ethical challenges faced by researchers on sexual exploitation of children and adolescents and to verify how the advances brought by 510/2016 Resolution have been reverberating on the conduction of studies with this population. The planning of studies on this subject dispenses methodological strategies capable of identifying people, places and practices that are constantly hidden. The recent resolution brings important implications, especially regarding the obtainment of free and informed consent of those responsible for children and adolescents at risk, free and informed assent, and confidentiality maintenance versus mandatory denunciation. The feedback of the findings and the organization of protective strategies reaffirm that researchers´ commitment goes beyond the one guaranteed in the resolutions in force so far.


Este artículo tiene como objetivo discutir los problemas éticos en la investigación sobre la explotación sexual de niños y adolescentes e investigar cómo los avances de la Resolución 510/2016 repercuten en la realización de estudios con esta población. Los estudios de planificación sobre este tema prescinden de estrategias metodológicas para identificar personas, lugares y prácticas que se esconden constantemente. La reciente resolución trae importantes implicaciones sobre la obtención del término de consentimiento libre y esclarecido de los responsables, el asentimiento libre y esclarecido y el mantenimiento del secreto frente a la necesidad de una denuncia. El regreso de los resultados y la organización de las estrategias de protección reafirman que el compromiso del investigador va mucho más allá del garantizado por las resoluciones existentes hasta el momento.


Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Child Abuse, Sexual , Ethics
20.
Article Pt | INDEXPSI | ID: psi-65124

O estudo teve como objetivo compreender a percepção da vítima de exploração sexual sobre a violação propriamente dita e o seu conhecimento, acesso e avaliação da rede de proteção existente. Participaram cinco meninas na faixa etária de 11 a 17 anos vítimas de exploração sexual. Entrevistas semiestruturadas foram realizadas com as participantes, e os dados foram submetidos à análise qualitativa. Dentre os principais resultados, foi evidenciado que as vítimas não percebem a condição de violação, fato que favorece a manutenção e perpetuação da exploração. A rede de proteção é desconhecida para as vítimas: mesmo já tendo sido acolhidas por diferentes serviços, não reconhecem seus papéis. O estudo evidenciou que a exploração sexual de crianças e adolescentes é uma realidade que se mantém silenciosa e velada, desafiando os serviços que compõem a rede de proteção e exigindo uma reflexão sob sua forma de ação/articulação no enfrentamento dessa violência(AU)


The purpose of this study was to understand the perception of the victim of sexual exploitation on the violation itself and her knowledge, access and evaluation of the existing safety network. The participants were five girls aged 11 to 17, all victims of sexual exploitation. We conducted semi-structured interviews with the participants and we performed qualitative analysis on the data. Among the main results, we observed that the victims do not realize their condition of violation, a fact that favors the preservation and perpetuity of exploitation. The safety network is unknown to the victims: even though they had attended different services, they did not recognize their roles. The study showed that sexual exploitation of children and adolescents is a silent and hidden reality that challenges the services that form the safety network, thus, requiring a reflection on how they act and articulate when confronting this violence(AU)


El objetivo de este estudio fue comprender la percepción de la víctima de explotación sexual sobre la violación en sí y su conocimiento, acceso y evaluación de la red de seguridad existente. Los participantes fueron cinco niñas de 11 a 17 años víctimas de la explotación sexual. Los resultados obtenidos a través de entrevistas fueron sometidos a análisis cualitativo. Los principales resultados mostraron que las víctimas no se dan cuenta de la condición de violación, un hecho que favorece el mantenimiento y la perpetuación de la explotación. La red de seguridad y la red de atención son desconocidas para la víctima, que no reconoce las tareas de estos servicios, a pesar de haber recibido atención. El estudio mostró que la explotación sexual de niños y adolescentes es una realidad que se mantiene en silencio, que desafía a los servicios que componen la red de seguridad y la red de atención y que necesita planificar las formas de actuación y combate a esta violación(AU)


Sex Offenses , Child Abuse, Sexual
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